气候风险视阈下气候贫困的形成机理与演变态势

在人为气候变化的时代，气候变化及其挟裹而来的各种气候风险对生态脆弱地区贫困人口的影响日益凸显，引起的气候贫困问题愈发严重。通过对全球气候变暖、冰川融化退缩、干旱频度与程度加剧等渐变缓发性气候风险，与极端突变灾害性气候风险导致的气候贫困问题的剖析，发现与其相应的4种类型的气候贫困形成机理；以此为基础结合国内外既有研究成果和客观发展着的社会现实，对气候贫困进行了概念上的梳理与界定，剖析了气候风险直接或间接影响下气候贫困的产生实质与演化态势。并通过对气候风险与贫困问题的关联透视，发现气候风险与生态脆弱两相叠加共同催生了我国的气候贫困，在气候风险加剧迫使下气候贫困人口有向气候移民演变的发展态势。

Formation Mechanism and Evolution Trend of Climate Poverty from the Perspective of Climate Risk

In the era of man-made climate change, the impact of climate change and the various climate risks for the poor of ecologically fragile areas has become increasingly prominent, which causes serious climate poverty problems. Based on the analysis of climate change, global warming, melting glacier retreating, the frequency and intensifying drought related with gradual slow-onset climate risks, and climate poverty caused by extreme mutation disaster climate risk, the paper finds that there are four formation mechanism of climate poverty. Then, combined with existing research results of domestic and overseas and development objective of social reality, the paper reviews and defines the concept of climate poverty to interpret the essence and evolution mechanism of climate poverty directly or indirectly influenced by climate risks. And by means of connecting climate risks with poverty problems, it is found that climate risks and fragile ecology lead to climate poverty in China, which results in the development trend of climate poverty people becoming climate migration. In order to make people have deep understanding on climate poverty issues and defuse climate poverty risks, it is important to make a preliminary exploration for building a sustainable development bottom line.