二十世纪三、四十年代中国小说体式的理论争锋

二十世纪三、四十年代,在小说体式上的歧向主要有两个方面:一是肯定小说的故事性,并主张结构的严密性;一是要消解小说的故事性,否定严密结构的合理性。前者内部又有重观念、重人物、重情节的不同;后者内部也有散文化和诗化的差异。在社会学模式兴起的背景上层开的小说体式上的此种歧向,在三、四十年代引起了如何写小说的争论。这一争论涉及对小说本体特征的认识。最终,真正能够使得散文化、诗化倾向败北的力量,来自社会学模式的政治化,具体地说是来自于典型论势力的扩展。

Theoretical Conflicts on Novel Style in China during the 1930s and 1940s

During the second twenty years of the 20th century, there were two tendencies for novel style. One focuses on the storytelling and the rigor of structure, laying different emphases on idea, character or plot. The other stands on the opposite position with inner difference on prosaic or poetic approach. Both tendencies are rooted in the background of the rising sociological model, and caused the debate on how to write a novel during that time, getting deep into the understanding of novel identity. The final defeat of the second tendency results from the politicization of the sociological model, and particularly from the booming prototype theory.