国际贸易分工理论演变与发展述评

国际贸易分工理论发展至今,已经有200多年的历史了,期间经过古典阶段、新古典阶段和新贸易理论阶段,反映了国际贸易发展不同阶段的特点。古典、新古典国际贸易理论的贡献主要是揭示了贸易互利性的“双赢”理念,并解释了产业问贸易现象;新贸易理论的主要贡献在于解释了产业内贸易现象,并将贸易分工理论推进到一个新阶段。但是,新理论与传统理论并非完全对立,而是对传统理论的继承和发展。用马克思主义经济学的方法对贸易分工理论的演变和发展进行评述,对于纠正学术界对国际贸易分工理论的某些“误读”,并以正确的理论来指导业已融入全球化的中国经济实践,无疑具有重要意义。

Commentary on the Development of the Division of Labor Theory in International Trade

With a history of more than 200 years, the division of labor theory in international trade has gone through three stages: the classical period, the neo-classical period and the new trade theory period, each having distinct features in the development of international trade. Both the classical and neo-classical theories reveal the truth that the division of labor in trade would be a win-win solution for both sides, and explain inter-industry trade. In contrast, the new trade theory emphasizes intra-industry trade, and thus pushes the division of labor theory to a new stage. However, the new theories are not incompatible with the traditional theories; instead, they inherit and develop them. A commentary on the changes of the division of labor theory in international trade using the methods of Marxist economics will be of great significance to address certain "misreadings" of the theory and guide globalized Chinese economic practices with correct theories.