城市居民最低生活保障标准的统一问题探讨——以消费支出比例法为例

对当前全国各地已经使用的低保标准计算方法及其调整机制进行归纳和总结发现,计算方法和调整机制不统一是低保标准地区差异过大的重要原因。消费支出比例法在低保标准统一问题上具有优势,并且消费支出替代率还为比较各地区低保标准的实际待遇水平提供了依据。对我国当前城市低保标准的消费支出替代率的测算发现,36个中心城市近年来呈逐年下降趋势,而地级市却呈上升趋势。相关分析证明,我国目前人均消费支出越高的城市其低保标准消费支出替代率越低,而人均消费支出越低的城市其低保标准消费支出替代率越高。这一规律对于采用消费支出比例法确定全国相对统一的低保标准有重要指导意义。

Study on the Standard Unification of Urban Minimum Living Standard Security System:Focus on Percentile of the Expenditure Method

Disunity of calculation and adjustment method of Minimum Living Standard Security System is the main reason of regional disparities based on examination on the whole country.Percentile of the expenditure method has its advantage in the unification of minimum living standard.In addition,percentile of the expenditure method can provide an index to compare the benefit level among different regions.The expenditure substitute rate of minimum living standard in thirty-six center cities is decreasing,while the exp...