文人·儒家思想·游侠精神

中国古代的文人永不消歇地歌赞游侠,实质上是借以抒发其在儒家思想影响下的积极入世之情。文人与游侠精神的紧密关联有其深层的文化原因,那就是儒与侠这两种文化形态的相通与互斥对于文人的深厚影响。一方面,二者在讲义、讲信、讲人格的独立平等、讲复仇等方面的相通使得文人情感在一定情境中往往会表现出激切的特征而与游侠连接。另一方面,二者的柔刚对立使得柔性的文人希望获取游侠刚性精神的济补而形成理想人格。

Humanism,Confucian Thought and Chivalric Spirit

Men of letters in ancient China had once and again sung praise of chivalry, which was actually an expression of their ideas of participation into the society under influence of the Confucian thought. The close link between men of letters and chivalric spirit had its deeper cultural origin, that is, the profound impact of the Confucian thought and chivalric ideas on the former. On the one hand, affinities existed between the Confucian thought and chivalric spirit in aspects such as justice, trust, independence of human dignity and revenge, which led to the expression of emotions by men of letters in the forms of ardor and chivalry. On the other hand, the contrast between the gentleness of men of letters and the firmness of chivalry had prompted the former to absorb elements from the latter, so as to help themselves form an ideal personality.