和谐社会价值理想是社会学的本质诉求

审视古今中外社会学的价值诉求,不难发现,致力于社会和谐是大多数社会学家的主流性和本质性的价值诉求.中国优秀传统思想文化强调天人合一、人际和谐和心物平衡,并把个体和谐人格的塑造作为重点.二战后以结构功能主义为代表的大多数西方社会学流派都继承了孔德、斯宾塞等人的"社会有机论"中蕴含的基本的和谐理念,致力于社会的和谐发展.马克思主义社会学思想中的和谐社会价值诉求集中体现在其社会历史观中,并影响到西方社会学思想演进.中国现代化历程表明,和谐社会价值理想诉求是一个由抽象、单一、间接到具体、综合、直接逐渐展开的过程.现阶段和谐社会价值理想诉求,必须以马克思的"类特性理论"为分析工具,把强势人群的人格完善价值诉求和由此衍生的社会关怀价值诉求作为重点.

The Ideal of Harmonious Society Is the Value Pursuit of Sociologists

In view of the sociological value pursuit of ancient and modern China and other countries,it is easy to find that most sociologists devote themselves to the realization of a harmonious society.The traditional culture emphasizes the unity of God and man,harmonious man-to-man relationship, and the balance between spiritual and physical beings.It puts special emphasis on the cultivation of harmonious personalities.After World War II,most western sociological schools embodied by structural functionalism inherited the harmonious idea implied in the theory of social organism advocated by Comte and Spencer and devoted themselves to the harmonious development of society.The value of harmonious society of Marxist sociological thought is mainly embodied in the social historical ideology which has an influence on the evolution of western sociological thought.At present,the emphasis must be laid on the personality's improvement of people of higher status and the seeking of social care when pursuing the harmonious society.