社会主义市场经济再认识

关于“社会主义市场经济”的主流认识,其思想来源于新古典经济学的“资源配置中心论”和作为原东欧国家改革之指导理论的“市场社会主义模式”.由于这两种思想来源本身的固有缺陷,由此而来的关于“社会主义市场经济”的主流认识局限于资源配置问题,却撇开了社会制度的内涵.完整意义上的市场经济是对经济活动的一种社会组织形式,它是由一个具有三层结构(即表层结构、中间层结构和深层结构)构成的极其复杂的社会系统.我国30年的改革进程在这种理论指导下仅涉及市场经济的表层结构,而中间层及深层结构却未被触及.全面认识社会主义市场经济,是30年后思考继续深化改革的方向的出发点.

A Reflection on the Socialist Market Economy,Focused on the Leading Theory of Reform

The guiding theory for the Chinese reform is a set of orthodox ideas under the concept of socialist market economy.Such a guiding theory has two sources of thought,one is the theory of resource allocation as the central theme of neoclassical economics,and another is the market socialism which served as the guiding theory for the socialist reforms in the Eastern Europe before the 1990s.As both has some build-in defaults in their conceptions on the market economy,so it should not be surprising that there also exists some predetermined problems in the concept of socialist market economy as the guiding theory for the reform.One of the major problems is that the concept of socialist market economy refers to the superficial understanding of the market economy,which relates to resource allocation only while totally neglects the profound meaning of the concept that relates to social institution.A complete understanding of market economy concerns a complex social system which contains three levels of meanings,i.e.the superficial,intermediate and profound levels.The China’s reform over the past 30 years changed only the superficial level in the meaning of market economy but never touching the other two levels.Such a viewpoint is meaningful since it provides a departure for considering the direction of the future reform.