"单位型社区"居民政治参与的微观机制——对Z社区的个案研究

政治活动的本质是一种公共选择,个人在参与政治活动时以个人利益的最大化为目的,以成本-收益分析为根据。对Z社区居民政治参与的研究发现:实际参与率低、参与人群结构不合理的制度根源在于单位的资源垄断和居委会的行政化。激励居民政治参与的关键举措是彻底解构单位制,使社区真正成为社区公共事务的法人主体;以社区为选区,遴选人大代表或政府官员;转变政府职能,发育公共空间,使社区居委会真正成为居民利益的代言人。

The Micromechanism of Residents' Political Participation in Unitary Community——A Case Research about Z Community

The essence of political action is a public selection.An individual participates in political affairs with the purpose for his maximum interests and based on the analysis of the cost-profit.The research on the Z community's resident political participation is concluded as follows:the real participative ratio is very low,and the systematic root of unreasonable participation structure lies in the monopolization of the unit resource and the administrationalizing of neighbourhood committee.The key measure to promote the resident to take part in the politics is to dismiss the unitary sysytem thoroughly.Let the community become the real legal body of the community public affairs and make the community as a electoral district,then vote for the People's Congress delegates or governmental officials to change the functions of the government,to expand the public space,and to make the neighborhood committee a real spokesperson who serves for the interests of the residents.