二战前美国南部工业化落后原因探析

二战以前，美国南部的工业化进程明显落后于美国其他区域，这是在美国二元联邦制时期，各要素相互作用的结果。历史地看，长期的奴隶制种植园生产方式与残酷的内战使南部工业化的基础十分薄弱，以白人至上为要义，日趋保守的南部．化传统又无力催生出工业化所需的个人激励机制；而内战后南部在国内边缘地位的最终确立表明，当时美国的政治和经济环境不利于南部的工业化；更为重要的是，南部各州的政治成为其工业化的最大障碍。南部统治阶级通过修改州宪法，限制各级政府的作用，实行种族隔离和劳工管制，与外部投资相互利用，人为地阻碍了南部社会经济的发展。

An Analysis of the Reasons for the Backwardness of American SouthernIndustrialization before World War Ⅱ

This paper explores the basic reasons for the backwardness of American southern industrialization before World War II. Southern industrialization lacked the solid economic base because of slavery, the Civil War and southern conservative culture. At the same time, American macro-environments of politics, economy and ideology were not helpful to southern development after the Civil War. Particularly, southern politics itself was the biggest obstacle to southern industrialization. Above-mentioned factors interacted and led to American southern poverty and backwardness.