人类学的批评与建设:基于人道主义的立场

人类学的诞生与西方人道主义传统密不可分。就学科性质而言,人类学的人文倾向赋予了其人道主义内涵;而在学科实践中,许多人类学家也都承担了人道主义者的责任。在批判的意义上,人类学运用马克思主义的人道观充实了人道主义的内涵,拓展了人道主义对人的理解;而在建设意义上,人类学运用其整体论视角和方法论优势,在关注弱势群体、消除暴力纷争、发掘本土知识、达成文化共识等方面都发挥了重要作用。

The Critique and Construction of Anthropology on Humanitarian Grounds

The birth of anthropology is inseparably linked with Western humanitarian traditions.Humanistic tendencies have endued anthropology humanistic connotations in essence,and many anthropologists have taken the responsibility as humanist in practice.In the sense of critique,anthropology has enriched the implication of humanitarian through the application of Marxism’s humanity.In the sense of construction,anthropology has played an important role in such aspects as concerning disadvantaged people,eliminating violent disputes,exploring local knowledge,and reaching cultural consensus due to its holistic perspective and methodological advantage.