“二元正义”的误区及反思

我国程序独立价值说或优先价值说是在打着"重程序"的旗号下,吸收国外的程序本位主义理论而兴起的,同时又迎合了审判实践的现实需要,即,为提高审判效率放弃客观真实,转而追求法律真实。然而,这也导致法律正义原本具有的"一元"属性被人为地割裂成"二元正义"——程序正义和实体正义,这就违背了诉讼的基本价值目标。从裁判者角度而言,程序正义是可以感知的实然状态,实体正义是存在于观念中的应然状态;就当事人而言,他们的"正义"观念中无疑包含实体内容的法律正义。质言之,实体正义是法律正义的内在生命和灵魂,程序正义则是法律正义的物化载体。而"二元正义"观以程序正义和实体正义各自独立为前提,必然造成程序正义的缺位,实体正义也将失去其外在形式和载体。

The Misconceptions of Dual Justice and Reflection

The doctrine of Chinese procedure independence value has risen to meet the realistic demand of trial practice,which,however,results in the artificial division of the single property of legal justice into dual justice,namely,procedural justice and substantive justice,deviating from the basic goal of litigation.In essence,substantive justice is the inner life and soul of legal justice while procedural justice is a materialized vehicle.However,dual justice is premised with the respective independence of both procedural justice and substantive justice,surely leading to the former without life and soul and the latter without form and vehicle.