祛魅、复魅与社会秩序的重建

按照马克斯.韦伯对现代精神特质的概括,现代就是"理性祛除巫魅"。祛魅作为现代处置神性信仰与公共秩序二元化方略的准确反映,长期以来被人们解读为一种反对宗教介入公共生活的现代姿态。其实,这种偏狭的"现代"忽略了信仰对于人类生活的意义,并因此无法完整理解现代生活公私两个世界的互动关系。20世纪50年代开始至今,宗教的复兴运动促使人们在祛魅之外看到由复魅象征着的人类另一种生活模式。由此人们可以认识到宗教之于人心秩序、理性之于社会秩序的高度相关性。宗教的价值就此再获肯定。而掌握世俗权力的人们,也就不再具有以无神论的方式处置有神论问题的理由。

Disenchantment, Reenchantment and the Reconstruction of Social Order

According to Max Weber’s generalization of characteristics of modern spirit,modernity refers to the disenchantment by reason.Disenchantment has been interpreted as a stance against the intervention of religions in public life over a long period of time.As a matter of fact,the biased understanding of modernity ignores the meaning of belief to human life,failing to fully grasp the interaction between modern public world and private world.Since the 1950s,the revival of religion has urged people to perceive another life pattern symbolized by reenchantment beyond disenchantment.Accordingly,people can recognize the high relevance both of religion to conscience order and of reason to social order,and thus,the value of religion receives recognition again.