从制度批判到制度治理

马克思主义经典作家的反贫困理论集中体现为对资本主义制度的反思与批判。中国共产党以此作为思想基础，以建立社会主义制度为根本前提，围绕物质、精神和民生保障，展开了反贫困的制度探索历程。特别是中国特色社会主义进入新时代以来，党带领人民围绕“精准扶贫”治理物质贫困；通过把教育扶贫、“扶志”与“扶智”相结合，繁荣发展社会主义先进文化的方式，加强对精神贫困的治理；以全民性、公平性和差异性为原则，实施共享型民生保障制度。中国共产党成立百年来，已经做到系统化的制度治贫，完成了从制度批判到制度治理的跨越，全面推进了反贫困思想和实践的深化，实现了全面建成小康社会的百年奋斗目标。 

From Institutional Critique to Institutional Governance: The Theory and Practice of Anti-poverty from the Perspective of the Centennial Founding of the Communist Party of China

The anti-poverty theory of classic Marxist writers is embodied in reflection and criticism of the capitalist system. The Communist Party of China takes this as its ideological basis, and takes the establishment of a socialist system as the fundamental premise. During the two periods before and after the reform and opening-up, the Communist Party of China has carried out institutional exploration of anti-poverty in terms of material, spiritual and livelihood security, it has launched an anti-poverty system exploration process focusing on material, spiritual and people’s livelihood protection. In particular, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, the Communist Party of China has led the people to control material poverty around “precise poverty alleviation”; through education, the combination of “aspiration support” and “intellectual support”, the prosperity and development of advanced socialist culture to strengthen the management of spiritual poverty; also implement a shared livelihood security system with the principles of universality, fairness and diversity. Over the past one hundred years since the founding of the Communist Party of China, it has achieved systematic systems to eradicate poverty, completed the leap from system criticism to system governance, comprehensively promoted the deepening of anti-poverty thought and practice, and realized the centennial goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-around way.