地方政府竞争、FDI与污染排放效率

伴随着中国经济步入高质量发展阶段，提高污染排放效率、倡导节能减排是实现经济高质量发展的重要举措。基于地方政府竞争与FDI双重视角，将地方政府竞争、FDI与污染排放效率纳入统一分析框架。在理论分析基础上，基于2000—2017年中国30个省份的面板数据，结合面板空间杜宾模型与面板门槛回归模型，实证分析地方政府竞争、FDI与污染排放效率之间的关系及空间效应。结果表明:中国省际污染排放效率具有明显的空间相关性。地方政府竞争对污染排放效率的影响存在“逐底竞争”与“逐顶竞争”双重效应。FDI对污染排放效率的影响满足“污染光环”假说。二者交互作用有利于本地区污染排放效率的提升，但通过“以邻为壑”等阻碍了邻近地区污染排放效率的提升。进一步研究发现，FDI存在门槛效应，适度引进高质量FDI才能充分发挥地方政府竞争在节能减排中的作用。基于此，需要进一步完善政绩考核机制，提升引资质量，提高污染排放效率，以推动中国经济实现高质量发展。

Local Government Competition,FDI and Pollution Emission Efficiency

As China’s economy enters a stage of high-quality development, improving pollution emission efficiency and advocating energy conservation and emission reduction are important measures to achieve high-quality economic development. Based on the dual perspectives of local government competition and FDI, this paper incorporates local government competition, FDI and pollution emission efficiency into a unified analysis framework. On the basis of theoretical analysis, and panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2017, combined with panel Spatial Durbin model and panel threshold regression model, empirical analysis of the relationship and spatial effects among local government competition, FDI and pollution emission efficiency are analyzed. The results show that: China’s inter-provincial pollution emission efficiency has obvious spatial correlation. The impact of local government competition on pollution emission efficiency has the dual effects of “competition to the bottom” and “competition to the top”. The impact of FDI on pollution emission efficiency meets the “pollution halo” hypothesis. The interaction between the two is conducive to the improvement of the pollution emission efficiency of the local area, but it hinders the improvement of the pollution emission efficiency of neighboring areas through “beggar thy neighbor”. Further research has found that FDI has a threshold effect, and only by appropriately introducing high-quality FDI can the role of local government competition in energy conservation and emission reduction be fully brought into play. Based on this, it is necessary to further improve the performance evaluation mechanism, enhance the quality of attracting investment, and improve the efficiency of pollution emissions in order to promote the high-quality development of the Chinese economy.