夫妻共同债务执行回转问题研究

《最高人民法院关于审理涉及夫妻债务纠纷案件适用法律有关问题的解释》正式施行后,对已经生效的判决以及在执行过程中已执行到位且实际应归属于夫妻一方而非双方的债务,可以申请执行回转。但在执行回转中,存在着执行程序提出主体是否应以当事人为主、回转程序中应如何援引法律规定来维护权利、执行已处置财产应如何确定返还比例等问题,常常使得执行回转程序的推进受阻。这与执行程序的强制性和终局性有关。要解决这些问题,需从夫妻共同债务执行回转的提出及执行回转的流程着手,确定夫妻间不负债务一方提出执行回转的具体方式,建立健全夫妻共同债务执行回转的体制机制,最终将执行回转程序规范化。只有这样,才能不断降低执行回转的难度和成本。

A Study on the Recovery of Execution of Joint Debts of Spouses

After the implementation of the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on the Questions Relating to the Application of Law Concerning the Cases of Husband and Wife's Debts Disputes, it is possible to apply for the recovery of execution when the judgement has come into effect and been fully enforced if the debts are not joint ones. However, in the process of the recovery of execution, there might be problems that may impede the execution:Should the subject requiring execution be the involved party? How to safeguard the rights with the legal institutions and how to decide on the returning proportion of the disposed property. These problems arise due to the coercion and termination of the procedures of execution. To solve these problems,it is necessary to start from the application for and procedures of the recovery of execution,specifying the way of application for the recovery of execution by the one party with no debts. In addition, the system and mechanism of recovery of execution of joint debts of spouses should be improved,and its procedures being normalized. Only in this way,the cost and difficulty of the recovery of execution can be reduced.