语义场理论对科技术语翻译的启示从——“水资源管理”一词的英汉互译谈起

科技术语在不同语言之间的翻译是一个复杂的语义匹配过程，如何在考虑相关术语使用现状的基础上将新产生的科技术语准确翻译为其它语言是科技工作者和术语研究者关注的重要问题。以语义场理论为分析框架，通过分析以"水资源管理"及其相关术语为代表的英汉互译，结果发现：不同科技术语在同一语义场所涵盖的语义范围将会随着相关研究深化带来的术语界定细化而发生相应的动态变化；新兴科技术语的翻译要充分考虑其所在语义场其它相关科技术语的翻译先例和使用现状所带来的影响，在翻译准确性和解读便利性之间做出适当的平衡。这是造成"水资源管理"及相关术语英汉互译处理极为复杂的重要原因之一，需要科技翻译者在工作实践中多加注意。

Application of Semantic Filed Theory to the Translation of Technical Terms——A Case Study of C-E and E-C Translation of “Shui Zi Yuan Guan Li”

The semantic ranges of a technical term are not equal in different languages due to the experiential factors like cultural cognition,linguistic characteristics etc. So the translation of a technical term is a complex dynamic matching procedure between languages. Accurate translation of new technical terms is an important academic issue scientists and terminologists are concerned about. Taking semantic theory as an analytical framework and through a case study on the C-E and E-C translation of "Shui Zi Yuan Guan Li", we found that the semantic ranges of technical terms in a particular semantic field will experience dynamic changes along with the refinement of their definitions due to the progress of related researches. The translation of new technical terms should fully consider the previous translation and use of other related technical terms in the same semantic field, and make a balance between the preciseness of translation and the easiness of interpretation. This explains why the translation of "Shui Zi Yuan Guan Li" and related terms is very complex, and why it deserves more attention.