译本被动语态的源语透过效应考察——基于语料库的余光中翻译研究

作为译者兼作家，余光中积极反对译文“翻译腔”“恶性西化”等现象，其翻译理念在翻译作品中是否有所表现?文章基于余光中译作《梵谷传》、《老人与海》及其对译本的平行、类比语料库，以被动语态为个案分析，考察源语透过效应在不同译本的反映，尤其关注余光中的译文处理方式。研究发现:受源语透过效应影响，对译本“被”字句使用频率更高，且歧义被动句及增译被动句等现象也更频繁。余译本被动使用更灵活，使用频率及表达方式更接近汉语母语表达习惯，“被”字句与其他被动结构的使用频率相对较低，但“给”字句使用频率较高。研究表明源语透过效应对余译本影响较小，也与余光中一贯坚持的“西而化之”“文白相辅”等翻译观相呼应，形成独特的翻译风格。 

Shining-through in Translated Passive Voice: A Corpus-based Study on Yu Kwang-chung's Translation

As a translator and writer,Yu Kwang-chung strongly opposed “translationese” and “over-Europeanization”.Whether can these perspectives be displayed in his translation works? Based on parallel corpus of English originalsLust for Life andThe Old Man and the Sea and their Chinese versions translated by Yu Kwang-chung and other translators,this paper analyses passive constructions to observe SL shining through in different translated versions.The study finds that influenced by shining-through of the source texts,the frequencies of passive expressions with “bei”,ambiguous meaning and amplification are higher in corresponding translations;passive markers in Yu's versions are more reasonable and are closer to original Chinese in both frequency and expression.Specifically,in Yu's works,the frequency of “bei” is lower than that of others',showing that shining-through leaves a slighter impact on his translation for he follows his own outlook of translation and thus forms a unique translator's style.