"心不在焉"式的版图扩张?--19世纪英帝国海外扩张形式与动因浅析

"心不在焉说"在一百多年来的英帝国史著述中流传甚广,但它其实是一个似是而非的观点。19世纪的英国政府的确不愿在海外承担更多的责任,但倘若动用武力的结果是带来新的广阔市场,倘苦已占领的属地对于贸易的扩展与安全至关重要,政治家们从来就不会犹豫。因为。获得商业贸易特权与确保贸易通道安全,已成为自由贸易时代帝国扩张的根本原则与动力。

An Analysis of the Motivation and Manner of the British Empire's Overseas Expansion in 19th Century

Although the notion of overseas expansion " in a fit of absence of mind " has become very popular since 1883, it is really a fallacy. British government was reluctant to assume more responsibilities overseas in 19th century. However, if the appealing to forces would bring more extensive markets and if the occupied territory was significant for expansion and security of trade, the politicians would never hesitate to do so. Taking the trade privilege and securing the trade route became a fundamental principle and motive of expansion during the period of free trade movement.