“旁观者”现象的博弈分析

从博弈视角，分析旁观者现象存在的深层原因：搭车心理、规则不适和道德缺失；从博弈思维，寻找旁观者现象的路径改善：博弈模型---改变博弈支付，博弈规则---策略博弈调适，博弈道德---约束博弈范式；从博弈策略，运用两两对比方式：“搭车心理”与“博弈模型”，中国“彭宇案”与比利时“抢劫案”，“谁让谁吃亏”与“自我道德约束”等对比，提出博弈模型的行为方式、博弈规则的行为调适和博弈道德的行为范式。

Game Analysis of Bystanders Phenomenon

From the perspective of Game analysis, hitchhiking psychological, unsuited rules and moral failure are the three deep-seated causes of bystanders phenomenon. We can find three paths to improve bystanders phenomenon. That is changing Game payoffs from Game model, adjusting Game strategy form Game rules and constraining the Game paradigm from Game moral. On the contrast path of Game strategy between hitchhiking psychological and Game model, between China Peng Yu case and Belgium robbery case, between those who will suffer with humility and self-comparison moral restraint ,the thesis proposes the behavior patterns of Game model, behavior adaptation of Game rules and ethical behavior of Game paradigm.