我国农村老年照料问题及对策建议——兼论老年照料的基本类型

根据老年照料的主体不同,将老年照料划分为亲情模式、友情模式、自愿者模式、市场模式和福利模式。通过对2011年7月在湖北京山和钟祥进行的抽样调查的资料分析,发现当前农村老年照料中存在的突出问题表现为照料模式单一、部分老年人的照料需求得不到满足、老年生活照料问题有不断严重的趋势。导致农村老年人生活照料问题的主要原因在于亲情模式不断弱化,而福利模式等其他模式没能及时跟进补充。建议在继续发挥家庭照料作用的同时,加强福利模式在农村老年照料中的作用,同时,积极培育老年照料市场,调动多种资源形成老年照料的合力。

The Elderly Care Issues in Rural China and Countermeasures

According to the different elderly care-giver,we divided elderly care into five models,they are relative-care-giver model,friend-care-giver model,volunteer-care-giver model,market-supply-care model,and welfare model.With analysis of the sample survey about elderly care in rural Hubei province,we find that there are some serious problems about daily care for the old people,such as single elderly care model,a huge gap of demand and supply of daily care for old people,deteriorating elderly care problem.The causes of the problems are the weakening of family support for the old,the insufficient of welfare model and market-supply-care model.To solve the problems,the formal support for the old people should be increased,and the function of market should be strengthened.At the same time,family support should continue to play a important role in the elderly care.