我国公民与外来人口社会距离的实证研究

公民与外来人口的社会距离反映了外来人口社会适应与融合的情况,以往研究以本地居民与外来人口的社会距离为切入点,忽视了在本地工作的外地人与外地人之间的社会距离。本研究弥补了这一缺陷。实证研究表明,户籍对于外来人口的社会距离存在一定影响,但在控制了地域身份后,户籍对于外来人口社会距离的影响消失,这说明户籍的影响正在消除,但以本地-外地为划分的地域身份正在接替户籍的作用,二元结构并没有破除。同时,中国人特殊的信任结构并没有在社会变迁和经济的冲击下改变,依然存在着对自己人的特殊信任和对外人的普遍信任两种情况,前者拉大了与外来人口的社会距离,后者则缩短了这一距离。结果还显示,心理感受对于公民与外来人口的社会距离有着非常重要的作用,这也表明心理意愿是公民交往的社会基础。

Study on the Social Distance between the Migrant Workers and the Citizen

The distance between the migrant workers and the citizens reflect their social adaptation,however,the previous studies just focus on the relationship between the migrant workers and the city residence,neglect the relationship between the migrant workers and outsiders.This paper revises the research design and compensates for this deficiency.The study shows household registry affects the social distance between the migrant workers and the citizens,but when controlling the regional identity,the affection disappears,this demonstrates that the affection of household registry is dying away and the regional identity takes place of household registry,the social dual-structure exists all the same.More over,the credit structure of Chinese citizens never changes,their credit on the familiars increases the distance,while the credit on the strangers narrows the distance.At the same time,the social status and psychological distance affect the distance,specifically,higher the social status,smaller the distance,and closer the psychological distance,closer the social distance.