日本都道府县劳动力流动与区域经济集聚——基于空间计量经济学的实证研究

在"次贷危机"影响下,日本经济增长和集聚程度下降明显,以外向型发展模式为主的中心地区衰退迹象出现较早且遭受冲击严重,而以内向型发展模式为特征的外围地区所受影响相对较小或衰退迹象尚未完全显现。区域内长期从业流动劳动力及其净流入对经济增长和集聚具有促进作用,其中,后者作用突出,表现为中心和外围地区较大、次中心地区较小的"哑铃型"态势。区域内临时季节性从业流动劳动力及其净流入对经济增长和集聚具有阻碍作用,后者作用也很突出。相比长期从业流动劳动力,临时季节性从业流动劳动力对经济形势和就业预期变化的反应缺乏弹性,其变化主要在次经济中心和外围地区表现较为明显。以此为鉴,我国应积极消除阻碍劳动力区域自由流动的体制性障碍,以发挥劳动力流动对区域经济增长和均衡发展的重要推动作用。

Labor Mobility and Regional Economy Concentration in Japanese Prefectures

Under the influence of the "subprime crisis",the growth and concentration of Japanese economy declined significantly.The economic center regions,the development mode of which is external-oriented,suffered seriously and the signs of recession appeared earlier,but the economic peripheral regions,the characteristic of which is internal-oriented development mode,suffered little or the signs of recession had not been fully revealed.Both the regional labor mobility of regular employed workers and its net inflow influenced the growth and concentration of economy in positive effects and the latter prominently,the change of which appeared more significantly in the center and peripheral regions than sub-center regions,just like "dumbbell" situation.Both the regional labor mobility of casual and seasonal employed workers and its net inflow influenced the growth and concentration of economy in negative effects and the latter prominently.Response to the change of expected economy situation and employment,compared with the labor mobility of regular employed workers,the labor mobility of casual and seasonal employed workers appeared less flexible.The change in the labor mobility of regular employed workers appeared more obvious in the center and peripheral regions.The reference to our country is eliminating the institutional barriers which prevent the free flow of our country’s labor force in different regions and making labor mobility play an important role in the growth and balanced development of regional economy.