非完全式“除”字句的句法语义分析规律小议

本文首先对汉语“除”字句（取排除和加舍两种用法）进行句法和语义分析，提出语义一句法模式，然后讨论“除”字句的基本语义理解途径，通过分析前人总结出的几个规律中的“问题”，发现这些规律虽然具有普遍适应性。但为了能正确地使用这些规律，则需要更清楚的阐释，如，注意标志语的一词多义，肯否逻辑关系的推广应用。

Discussion of the Meaning and Syntax of the Incomplete Pattern of CHU Structure

This article firstly uses the meaning-syntax model to analyze semantic meaning and syntax of the incomplete pattern of 'CHU' structure(here "CHU" means excluding or including).Then,it focuses on the approaches to understand the meaning of 'CHU' structure.It argues that the approaches brought up by some scholars can be universally applied to most of 'CHU' structures if we notice the polysemy of the marking words and the real meaning of positive and negative logic.