康德"绝对命令"的存在论追问及超越

康德的“绝对命令”是其道德哲学的核心,亦是其形式伦理学广遭批判的地方。康德重视的是道德原则,剔除了一般的道德规则,这导致了其伦理学的软弱无力。事实上,道德的多样性和普适性的双重诉求证明了道德原则与规则并存的可能与必要,也凸显出康德的“可普遍化原则”绝对命令的内在困境。为此,只有将道德理解为本体论意义上存在的方式,与“两重”生产为主导的生活世界合二为一,才能真正获得自身存在的坚实根基,这也是超越康德绝对命令的可能与方向。道德的全部内涵唯有在生活本身及生活过程中才能真正把握。

Inquiry into Kant's Imperative Order in Existence and Its Transcendence

This paper focuses on Kant's "imperative order".It begins with an analysis of its significance.In order to overcome the formalistic defect Of Kant's"Imperative order",the author distinguishes the two concepts of principle and rule/code,indicating the inner ethical dilemma of the "imperative order".He argues that the solution to the ethical problem has to be founded on the theory of existence.