共和时期的罗马元老院及其作用

直到现在,由于深受前苏联历史学界的影响,中国历史学界把共和时期的罗马元老院等同于氏族贵族和反动团体。事实上,作为参谋部和司令部,元老院使得早期的小城镇变成世界性帝国,罗马元老院做出巨大贡献。元老院作为氏族贵族的代表,代表贵族利益,但它的所作所为并不等于贵族,特别是在共和早期,元老院作为调解者取得了巨大成功。

The Position and Function of the Senate in the Republic Time of Rome

Up to now,historians in China,deeply influenced by the former Soviet historians,have treated the Senate only as reaction and decadence.In fact,as "a department of advice and headquarters,"the Senate had made great contributions in turning a small city state in the initial stage of the republic into an empire covering Europe,Asia and Africa.The Senate itself as an inherent quality represented the interests of the aristocrat,but it wasn't equal to the aristocrat in the light of its behaviour,especially in the early republic days,the Senate succeeded in being a regulator.