宗教改革对西方近代政治学的影响

近代政治学体系的建立同宗教改革运动有着极为密切的关系 ,宗教改革者们的理论无论在研究方法上还是在理论建构上对近代政治学都有着深刻的影响。在研究方法上 ,由于更进一步地区分了信仰与理性 ,从而使理性方法在政治学研究中恢复了地位。在理论建构上 ,民族教会和民族国家相互影响而形成的民族国家意识奠定了近代民族国家政治理论的出发点 ;由于宗教改革促进了“个人精神”的兴起 ,又为近代意义上的自由、平等、民主等观念的成长提供了价值观 ,从而影响了近代政治学理论的核心内容

The Impact of Religious Reform upon Western Modern Politics

The establishment of the system of modern politics was closely related to the religious reform movement.The theories put forward by the religious reformers had a deep impact upon modern politics in its research method as well as its theoretical framework.In the aspect of the research method,distinction was made between beliefs and reason so that the rational method regained its place in the research activities of politics.In the aspect of the theoretical framework,the awareness of national states as resulted from the mutual influence of church and state set up the starting-point of the modern political theories of national states.The religious reform promoted the growth of "individual spirit" and instilled the concept of value into the emergence of the notions of freedom,equality and democracy.As a result,the essence of modern political theories was much affected.