论罗尔斯的差别原则与应得理论

毫无疑问,罗尔斯的公平正义观是一种重要的正义理论,但其差别原则往往缘于误解而受到批判。误解的一个原因是他对差别原则的表述与说明,另一个原因则是因为此原则与人们的应得正义观的直觉相违背。搞清楚日常意义上的应得正义观的真正含义,我们发现深入道德直觉的是一种贡献应得观。而差别原则的含义澄清后,它恰恰在部分程度上要决定这种应得观的意义。不过,罗尔斯的公平正义只适用于基本结构,且平等自由原则词典式优先于差别原则,这导致差别原则是无法确定的。尽管如此,差别原则所体现出的人道主义精神则是分配正义要考虑的重要因素

On Rawls' Difference Principle and Desert Theory

Without doubt,justice as fairness by Rawls is one of important theories of justice,while its difference principle was often criticized because of misunderstanding.On the one hand,Rawls's statement and explanation of difference principle is misleading.On the other hand,it contradicts with our intuition of justice as desert.When the implication of justice as desert is figured out,desert for contribution is found to be embedded in our moral intuition.When we make sense of the difference principle,it instead,to...