搜寻匹配理论研究综述及其政策启示

就业不仅是一个劳动经济学问题,也关系到经济社会的发展与稳定。工作搜寻匹配理论及模型包括搜寻、匹配和工资定价三个过程或模块,它综合考虑了劳动力市场中劳动者搜寻工作的行为、雇主提供职位的行为和搜寻者与职位之间的匹配问题。本文在总结工作搜寻理论发展基础上,重点分析了工作匹配理论及工作搜寻匹配模型。应用搜寻匹配理论的思想,分析了我国劳动力市场上的特殊群体即农民工的特殊性及其工作搜寻行为特点,以加深对农民工就业特殊现象形成机理的理解,运用工作搜寻理论阐释了如何提高我国农民工就业市场的匹配效率、降低失业率并最终实现劳动力市场均衡的理论途径,以缓解农民工就业问题。

The Research of Job Matching Theory and Related Policy Implications

Employment not only belongs to research area of Labor Economics,but also is related to the stability and development of the entire economy and society.The job matching theory combines both the job seekers’ and employers’ behaviour,together with the match of these two parties,which includes searching,matching and salary pricing.This paper summarizes the evolution and breakthrough of job searching theory,and highlights the job matching theory and job matching model as well.Then it analyzes the characteristics of job-search behaviour of a special group of people,referring to the rural migrant workers,in terms of the theory of job-searching and-matching,thus to further understand the forming mechanism of the particular phenomenon of the employment of this special group of people in China.Finally it applies this kind of theory to explain how to finally ease the migrant workers’ employment problems through boosting the matching efficiency,reducing unemployment rate and realizing labor market equilibrium.