理性与非理性——以人性能力为视域

人既以成己与成物为价值目标,也以之为基本的存在方式。成己与成物所指向的是认识世界与改变世界、认识自我与改变自我,其所以可能的内在根据则是人性能力。作为成己与成物所以可能的前提,人性能力的具体形态可以从不同的方面加以理解。以真善美为指向,人性能力涉及认识、道德、审美等领域。与可以认识什么(what can I know)相联系的是认识能力,后者体现于知什么(know that)、知如何(know how)等;与应当做什么(what ought I to do)相关联的是道德实践的能力,后者具体展开于道德选择、评价等过程;相应于合目的性与合规律性的统一的,则是审美能力,后者体现于美的创造和判断。就成己与成物的过程而言,人性能力同时也展现为不同作用方式及与此相关的多样形态。

Rationality and Irrationality:Investigation from the Perspective of Human Capacity

Completing self and completing the world is not only the goals of human being,but also the way by which they live.The internal condition of completing self and completing the world is human capacity which manifest in various respects.Pointing at the true,the good,and the beautiful,human capacity involves the spheres of knowledge,morality,and aesthetics.Associated with the issue of "what can I know",capacity appears as the faculty of knowing,which involves both "know that" and "know how";connected with the question of "what ought I to do",the capacity displays in moral practice;accordance with the unity of human purpose and natural law,the capacity manifest itself in the process of creation of the beautiful.Viewed from the course of completing self and completing the world,human capacity is also embodied in various way and modes.