城镇化进程中农民工的健康风险及其应对

农村剩余劳动力向非农业转移是农村城镇化的必由之路。这种转移催生了一个新的社会群体——农民工。由于农民工面临的生产、生活环境与社会环境的变化,从而面临大量的健康风险,并对农民工身心健康产生严重威胁。农民工的健康风险具有多源多因性、职业病是其最严重的风险因素等特点。要消除社会政策排斥,消灭农民工健康风险的社会成因,并从制度、组织、机制等层面进行社会管理体制创新,化解农民工所面临的健康风险,为城镇化顺利推进提供良好的社会环境和重要的人力支持。

Research on Health Risk of Migrant Workers in the Process of Urbanization and Its Solutions

Transfer of rural surplus labor from agriculture to non-agricultural industries is the only way of rural urbanization. This shift gave birth to a new social group： migrant workers. Because migrant workers have to face the changes of production, living conditions and social environment, their health is at high risk, which poses a serious threat to the physical and mental health of migrant workers. This study suggests that the health risks of migrant workers have multiple causes and occupational disease is the most serious factor. In order to resolve the health risks faced by migrant workers, the government should eradicate the exclusive policies, wipe out the social causes, innovate the system, organization, mechanism of the social management system, and provide a good social environment and the important human support for the smooth progress of urbanization.