开埠通商与西北畜牧业的外向化

地处干旱半干旱带的西北地区,是我国最重要的畜牧业基地。但是,由于受生产力发展水平特别是市场化程度的限制,这里一直处于相对闭塞的自然经济状态。进入近代以后,随着沿海、沿边口岸的对外开放,这一地区逐步与更加广阔的国内和国际市场接轨,畜牧业产品商品化、市场化和外向化程度,有了空前迅速的提高,从而大大改变了这一地区的相对封闭落后状态,成为中国近代外向型经济的重要组成部分。从很大程度上来说,外向型畜牧业的发展,是西北经济走上现代化之路的先导和主要驱动力。

The Establishment of the Trading Port and the Export-oriented Animal Husbandry in Northwest China

Northwest China which is located in the arid or semiarid area is the most important base of animal husbandry in China. However, it long remained at a closed state of natural economy due to its poor productivity and marketing level. In the early modern times and with the establishment of trading ports along the coastal and border areas, northwest China gradually had more deals with the international and domestic markets, and the commercialization of the products of animal husbandry and the export-oriented marketing made unprecedented progress, which greatly improved the backwardness of northwest China and became an important part of China''s export-oriented economy in the early modern times. To a great extent, the development of export-oriented animal husbandry was the motive force leading China''s northwest economy to march on the road of modernism.