马克思生产关系概念形成的思想历程

青年马克思所面对的理论和现实的矛盾使他开始了生产关系概念的创立过程。这个过程有两个起点——历史观和经济学。由此出发,形成了两条思想线索,并经过四个阶段。在每个阶段,生产关系概念的含义体现在相应的术语中。第一阶段,体现在“市民社会”和“私有财产”等术语中;第二阶段,体现在“市民社会”和“私有财产”、“私有制”等术语中;第三阶段,体现在“交往形式”和“所有制形式”等术语中;第四阶段,生产关系概念形成,并第一次使用了“生产关系”这一术语。

The Stages in the Formation of Marx's Concept of Production Relation

Having faced the contradiction between social reality and theory, young Marx initiated the thinking process of establishing the conception of production relation; the process was advanced from the two starting - points: historical conception and economics. It is here that there formed the two strands of thought, undergoing four stages, in each of which the meanings of the concept of production relation were defined in the light of corresponding terms. In the first stage, this concept was manifested in the terms"civil society"and"private property";in the second stage the terms"civil society", "private property "and "private ownership"; in the third stage the term of'forms of communication "and "forms of ownership". Only in the fourth stage comes the concept to have appeared, and only then Marx began to use it seriously.