德川时代日本儒者对孔子“吾道一以贯之”的诠释——东亚比较思想史的视野

德川时代日本儒者对“吾道一以贯之”解释的主要观点是 :多数日本儒者将孔子的“道”界定为社会政治意义的“道”,是经世济民之道。对“一以贯之”的解释要点是 :“贯 ,统也”;以“仁”释“一”;从伊藤仁斋开始 ,德川时代儒者对上述命题的解释 ,部分地体现日本儒者采取“即存在论本质”的解经方法 ,呈现极其强烈的反宋学思想倾向 ,尤其以朱子学为主要攻击目标。韩儒对上述命题的解释 ,则因袭多于创新。从中日比较思想史视野来看 ,日本儒者对宋学的批判并未切中要害 ,因为他们并未进入宋儒之孔学诠释中的两个哲学问题 ,这就是“心与理之关系”以及“个体论或整体论之方法论问题”。

The Annotation of Confucius' "My Dao Is Consistent with One" by Japan Confucians in Dechuan Era

Most of Japan Confucians define Confucius' "Dao" as social -political"Dao", consistency as unity and "One" as "Ren". Beginning from 伊藤仁斋, their explanations of the above proposition have revealed a strong trend of opposing the Song thought, taking Zhu Xi's theory as their major target of attack. Korean Confucians' explanations reveal more temporization than renovation. Viewed from the comparative history of Chinese and Japanese thoughts, Japan Confucians' criticism of Confucianism of the Song Dynasty does not hit the target, as they do not hit the two philosophical problems in Confucianism of the Song Dynasty: the problem of "the relationship between mind and truth? and the problem of "methodology of individualism or holism".