言后行为的分类研究

言后行为是言语行为理论中的一个核心概念,其合理界定和分类不仅可以解决其概念争议,还有利于言语行为理论的完善。鉴于此,在简要评述言后行为的分类研究现状的基础上指出言后行为的分类必须以言后行为概念的合理界定为前提。接着在剖析"言语即行为"的观点内涵的基础上,将言后行为定义为说话人通过含有言外之意的言内行为对交际语境的影响和改变。最后在重新梳理言内行为三分法的基础上,把言后行为相应分类为发音言后行为、发语言后行为和发言言后行为,并进行必要的例证分析。

The Taxonomy of Perlocutions

The justified definition and classification of perlocution, a core concept in the Speech Act Theory, is conducive to the perfection of the theory as well as the settlements of the conceptual discrepancies.To this end, the paper first reviews the literature on the categorization of perlocution, and argues that the classification is necessarily based on a tenable definition of perlocution.Based on a thorough analysis of connotations of "speech is act", perlocution is defined as the act of affecting and changing the communicative context, performed by the speaker with a locution carrying an illocution.Finally, following reconsideration of the triple senses of locution, three senses of perlocution are identified and exemplified, namely, phonetic, phatic and rhetic perlocutions.