马克思主义的主体及主体性思想探微

马克思主义主体性的特征在于，遵循主体出发的原则，从主体的视角来认识世界和把握世界；用实践改造的原则，来揭示人的方式如何改造物的存在方式；依照人性发展的原则，揭示人性的发展与自然界、社会的发展的和谐一致。马克思的“三形态”理论在本质上也是关于人的主体性发展的三阶段说。马克思主义认为现实的主体有其自身的规定性：客观实在性、自觉意识性、社会历史性、主动创造性；人的主体性能自觉地认识、掌握和超越来自客体的制约性、主体的限定性。

A Probe into Marxist Subjects and Subjectivity

Marxist subjectivity is characterized by its observation of subjectivity - orientated principle, so as to interpret and get hold of the world from subjectivity perspective ; by application and reform principle to disclose bow to improve the manner of material existence through that of human beings. Marxist ＂Three Form＂ theory is in essence a ＂Three Stage＂ theory in regards of hu- man subjectivity development. According to Marxism, a real and concrete subject has its own stipulation： objective reality, selfconsciousness, social historicality, active creativity. Human subjectivity can consciously know, interpret and surpass both the constraints from objectivity and the stipulation from subjectivity.