非传统权力的扩张:软权力与结构性权力--约瑟夫·奈与斯特兰奇权力观的比较

权力论是国际关系学研究和争论的一个焦点问题,苏姗·斯特兰奇和约瑟夫·奈基于自己的研究,分别提出了软权力和结构性权力.约瑟夫·奈认为,"软权力"与"硬权力"是相对的,是一种"通过让他人做他人自己想做的事情而获得预期结果的能力".苏姗·斯特兰奇则把权力分为联系性权力和结构性权力,她强调结构性权力是一种权力拥有者能够改变其他人面临的选择范围,做出有利于自己的选择的能力.两种权力观均认为,在经济全球化日趋加强的今天,这种非传统权力在国际关系中的作用将越来越突出,形成非传统权力的扩张.如何更好的利用这些非传统权力,已经成为各国政府、国际组织和国际关系学界关注的问题.

A Comparison of the Power Concepts by Joseph Nye and Susan Strange

The theories on power are a focus of international-relation studies.Joseph Nye holds that "soft power" and "hard power" are relative,and the former is a competence of obtaining the expected results by those who do what they want to do.Susan Strange divides power into the power of connection and the structural power,the latter of which is a power with which the owner can change the other's choice of scope and benefit oneself.Both theories believe that with the quickened steps of globalization this unconventional power is playing a more and more important role in the international relations and is exerting a greater influence.How to take advantage of this unconventional power has caused the attention of the governments of different countries,international organizations and the worldwide community of the relevant scholars.