论宪法的司法适用与民事审判权的界限

宪法能否在私法领域中适用,是讨论宪法和民事诉讼法的关系时一个不可回避的理论与实践问题,它直接关系到我国民事审判权的作用范围。在西方国家,关于宪法在私法领域的适用,主要存在“直接效力说”、“间接效力说”、“国家类似说”等理论。我国直接依据宪法判案尚缺乏相应的法律依据,但是通过借鉴民法上的诉因寄生理论,可以对那些在民商事实体法律中尚未予以具体化的宪法基本权利起到保护作用。当然,最根本的措施是建立违宪审查制度。

On the Boundary between Judicature Application of Constitution and Civil Jurisdiction

It is an important theory and practice subject of constitution and civil procedure law's study whether constitution could be applied in the field of private law.And it directly concerns the sphere division of function scope of civil jurisdiction and administrative one in our country. In western countries,there exists three theories about coustitution application in private law field:direct effect theory,indirect effect theory and quasi-national theory.Hearing a case according to the constitution directly in our country lacks of corresponding legal basis.But through drawing lessons from parasitic theory of cause of action in civil law,it can play a role in protecting fundamental constitution right which has not be specified yet in civil and constitution laws.