水族习惯法及其变迁——以贵州省三都水族自治县塘党寨为例

本文通过对贵州省三都水族自治县的一个典型水族村寨——恒丰乡塘党寨——的田野调查,描述了水族习惯法的表现形式、维护机制及其变迁。文章认为,水族地区社会经济的发展、国家权力的深入、长期的“送法下乡”活动以及宗教信仰等文化背景的深刻变化,是水族习惯法发生变迁的主要原因。研究这些变迁及其原因,对于理解和认识少数民族地区乃至整个农村的法治建设,具有不可忽视的作用。

Customary Law and Its Contemporary Changes: The Case of the Shui People in the Village of Tangdang

The paper describes the forms and maintaining mechanism of the customary law and their changes on the basis of the fieldwork in Tangdang, a village of Sandu Shui Autonomous County in Guizhou Province. The paper points out that the socio-economic development, the penetration of the power of the state, the long-termed spreading of the general knowledge of law among the people, as well as the profound changes of religious culture, resulted in the changes of the customary law of the Shui people. To study the changes and their causes will play an important role in understanding the building of legal system in ethnic areas or even in the rural areas as a whole.