百年俄苏文论在中国的历史回望与文化思考

在过去100年中,俄罗斯-苏联文学理论与批评曾经对中国文学产生过重大影响,但是我们对它的接受却存在着明显的片面性,在认识上也有偏差。回顾自“五四”前后至90年代中国文学接受俄苏文学理论与批评的历史,考察它在中国的译介、传播、接受、影响与转换,了解其中被我们所忽略与排拒的有价值的内容,认清苏联极左文学理论与批评曾经给中国文学造成的负面影响,并探讨制约上述接受史的文化原因,对于认识20世纪中国文学及其理论基本格局形成的外部条件,总结历史的经验教训,探索建设科学的文学理论与批评体系的道路,都具有十分重要的意义。

Russian and Soviet Literary Theories in China during the Last 100 Years: A Historical Review and Cultural Reflection

The Russian and Soviet literary theories and criticisms have exerted great influences on Chinese literature during the last 100 years.However,there have all along been conspicuous one-sidedness and prejudices in our understanding and acceptance of them.Therefore,a review of the history of their entering into China from the May 4th Movement(around 1919) on to the 1990s,investigating in their translation,dissemination,acceptance,impact and transformation,exploring what are valuable but have been neglected or rejected,understanding the negative impact of the Soviet leftist theories and criticisms on Chinese literature,and probing into the cultural factors that have affected or restricted the above-mentioned history,is of special importance to the understanding of the external conditions that contribute to the shaping of 20th-century Chinese literature and its theoretical framework,and to the exploration for a more scientific system of literary theory and criticism based on historical experiences and lessons.