考虑信用销售的改良品联合采购决策

信用销售能够提升生产企业竞争力、扩大经营规模，帮助销售企业缓解资金压力，对供应链的运作效率有较大影响，成为供应链管理研究的重要课题之一。考虑在单一供应商和多个零售商组成的二级改良品供应链中，供应商提供延迟支付作为信用销售手段，分别建立零售商独立采购和联合采购的最小单位时间总成本函数，通过比较最小单位时间总成本函数得到联合采购优于独立采购的条件。将改良品联合采购的成本分配问题构造为改良品联合采购博弈，给出博弈具有的基本性质，并设计一种基于博弈核心的成本分配方法。通过数值算例和敏感性分析验证了文中所构建模型的正确性。

The Decision-making of Joint Purchasing for Amelioration Items Considering Credit Sales

The credit sales can enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, expand business scale, and help sales enterprises to ease the financial pressure. It has a great influence on the operation efficiency of the supply chain, and has become one of the important research topics in the field of supply chain management. The ameliorating items are a kind of ubiquitous goods, but the problem of joint purchasing for ameliorating items has not gotten enough attention. In a two-echelon supply chain of ameliorating items consisting of one supplier and multiple retailers, the supplier provide permissible delay in payments as a means of credit sales. The function of total cost per unit time of independent purchasing and joint purchasing for the retailers are built up respectively, and the optimal order cycle and minimum total cost per unit time of retailers under two purchasing modes are obtained. According to the relationship between the optimal order cycle and the delayed payment period, the functions of minimum total cost per unit time of the two purchasing modes are compared, and the conditions that joint purchasing is better than independent purchasing are got. On this basis, the minimum total cost per unit time of joint purchasing is treated as the allocation object, and multiple persons cooperative game theory is applied to transforming the cost allocation of joint purchasing problem into multiple persons cooperation game problem. After providing some basic properties of the game, a cost sharing method is designed based on the core of the game. Finally, the numerical example and sensitivity analysis are used to illustrate the theoretical results, and some managerial implications are put forward. The research can provide practical guidance significance for the enterprises who engaged in the production and sale of ameliorating items.