“斯芬克司之谜”再沉思——马克思人的本质思想解读

“斯芬克司之谜”的核心是“人是什么”的问题,即人的本质问题。要正确界定人的本质,首先要走出西方人学的误区。其次要走进马克思,深耕文本,充分挖掘马克思的思想,尤其要重点研究“人的需要即人的本质”的思想。再次要澄清学术界对马克思的三个命题的误读。究竟如何界定人的本质,诸多学者已经进行了卓有成效的探索,出现了社会本质说、双重本质说、三重本质说、四层结构本质说、社会性实践本质说、整体本质说等不同观点。人的本质既没有先验的预设,也没有最终的完成,而是总在途中。人的本质可以界定为:人基于某种需要在一定的社会关系中、在所从事的实践活动过程中不断丰富的历史生成物,即为我的、自觉的、社会性的实践活动过程中的生成物,这就是“历史生成本质说”。

On Contaminating Insoluble Riddle of Hominology Again——Deciphering Marx''''s Thought of Human Essence

The question of what is human's essence is the core of hominology,and is insoluble riddle too.It's of importance to avoid the same error that traditional hominology ever committed so as to define human essence correctly. At the same time,it's imperretive to decipher Marx's thought of human essence,especially his proposition of "human's need is human's essence",according to Marx's writings correctly.Moreover,we should clarify wrong interpretation to three proposition of Marx in academia at present.How to define human's essence,some scholars have done creative research and have put forword many different viewpoints,such as theory of social essence,theory of dual-essence,theory of tri-essence,theory of pua-level constructure essence,theory of socially practical essence,theory of entire essence.But my point of view is the "theory of historically productive essence ".