转喻的词义拓展功能研究

转喻作为主要认知机制之一,具有邻近性、凸显性和认知可及性等重要特征,为词义拓展提供理据和认知通道。词义通常由概念义、多面义和微型义组成,其中前者是词汇的固有义,后两者是词汇的语境特指义。在转喻机制作用下,词义拓展可呈现出以下几种方式:概念义转指多面义、概念义转指微型义以及概念义转指概念义。通过论述,进一步印证了转喻本质上是概念性的,更是意义拓展最基础的途径。

A Research on the Extension of Lexical Meanings under the Perspective of Metonymic Mechanism

As one of the chief cognitive mechanisms, metonymy possesses the following important traits like contiguity, prominence and cognitive accessibility, etc, which provides the extension of lexical meanings with motivations. The lexical meanings usually include conceptual meanings, facets, as well as microsenses in which the former one is the existing meaning of the lexical items while the latter two are merely reflected in the contexts. Metonymy contributes to the meaning extension from the conceptual meanings respectively to the facets, microsenses, and other conceptual meanings. The illustration further proves that metonymy is essentially conceptual, and it is also viewed as one of the most fundamental processes of meaning extension.