东西方思想对话的历史转型

在世界史上，物质与精神的双重文明经过东西方不断的撞击与融合而得到发展，人类精神文明的正能量就是最终以各种形式和维度的“思想对话”得以互动、共存和发展。自然与人文社会各种领域的任何研究上升到最高度就是思想的研究。几乎所有人类之间任何行为的交往和沟通都是一种广义的“对话”，而只有最终上升到思想高度的“对话”，才能真正引领人类社会。21世纪以来，东西方思想的对话处于一个历史的拐点。全球剧烈的社会转型、变革、冲突以及灾变等让人类进行了价值、理念以及各种诉求的重构，而不断影响东西方思想对话的宏观条件。在跨文化、跨领域、跨学科、跨方法的整合与解构中，西方人的“东方学”与东方人的“西方学”也随之经历了危机与挑战。西方中心主义与东方中心主义都不可能完全成为独自垄断世界的“一元文明”。东西方研究者必须拓宽新的视域，开创多维度、多层面、多坐标的研究方法与模式，应当共享多元性、建设性、开拓性、批判性、前瞻性的各种思想理念，并作跨学科、跨文化、跨方法和全球化的理论考察与思想探讨；从而融合东西方思想及其他非西方的思想，重建一个整合性、包容性和互动性的国际化思想观。中国的崛起将自身推向了东西方文明撞击的风口浪尖。自17-18世纪以来，两个术语“崇华派”与“恐华派”，在当今世界格局中，又以新的解读分为了两种中国观或对华阵营。文章力图揭示和论证：东西方思想对话引领社会的多元发展；东西方思想对话的困境、危机与挑战；东西方研究的机遇、复兴与趋势。

The Historical Shift of East-West Dialogue of Thoughts

In the history of the world, both material and spiritual civilizations have developed as a result of the continuously mutual impact and fusion of the eastern and western thinking. The various forms of the positive energy of human spiritual civilization have been able to interact, coexist and develop in the thought ＂dialogue＂. Any research in the fields of science and humanities can rise to the summit of thoughts. In a broad sense, all human interaction and communication are dialogues. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the East-West ideological dialogue has reached a historical turning point. The value philosophy and the various demands of macroeconomic conditions triggered by the global social transformation, change, conflict and the human catastrophes have their impacts on the eastern and western ideas. The western ＂Orientalism＂ and eastern ＂Occidentalism＂ have also experienced some crises and challenges. Consequently neither of them can have the fully monistic position of monopoly. With the broadened new horizon, the researchers of East-West thoughts should adopt the critically diverse and constructive ideas to create multi-dimensional, mulit-layered, multi-referenced research methods and models, and simultaneously make the theoretical investigation from the perspectives of interdisciplinary and cross-cultural methods in the context of globalization. And thus we can make the fusion of western, eastern and non-western ideas possible, and share the pluralism, constructionism, creativity, proactivity and critical quality in worldly ideas. By making the macro-leveled thinking investigation, we can help rebuild an internationalized vision of thoughts with unity, tolerance and interactivity. However, currently China＇s rise in overall power brings itself to forfront of the conflicts of East- West civilization conflicts. Since the 17th century, there have been two thinking tendencies concerning the attitudes toward Chinese： Sinophilia and Sinophobia, which is interpreted as two outlooks concerni