以和为贵:民国时期基层民事纠纷中的调解

调解在中国传统纠纷解决中发挥着极其重要的作用。民国时期,建立起了西方式的诉讼制度和司法体制,虽然在法律上保留了调解制度,但审判结案的比例迅速上升,对诉讼程序的重视不免给人以传统调解方式在纠纷解决中逐渐式微的印象。新繁县基层司法实践的情况显示出,在民国基层民事纠纷的处理之中,调解仍然重要。无论是调解的整体比例、半官方调解方式,还是公信力方面,传统的调解方式在基层社会的纠纷解决中仍显示出极强的生命力。与清代相比,传统诉讼中调解和审判完全合而为一的程序已经有了明确的分离。在民国时期,调解的一个重要变化是逐渐脱离了法定的诉讼审判程序,而在正式的诉讼程序外发挥着作用。

Harmony Prevails:Mediation of the Civil Disputes in the Republic of China

Traditionally mediation plays a very important role in dispute settlement in China.In the Republic of China,the Kuomintang government introduced Western style legal and judicial systems.Although the government kept mediation in the new legal system,it might seem to the general public that its importance declined significantly as the proportion of trials increased sharply.The files in Xinfan indicate mediation is still important in settling civil disputes at grass root level in terms of both the number of me...