耻干谒和事干谒——试论杜甫人格的复杂性

耿介脱俗的杜甫的求仕活动是一个腾涌着苦闷的渊薮,表现出理想中的独立人格与现实中的依附人格相激相荡,并由此生发出内心"耻"与"事"的刻骨铭心之痛楚.这种苦闷归结起来,表现在以下方面一是脆弱而不平等的君臣关系;二是诗人的被动性社会角色;三是对现实政治的否定和对现实人生之怀疑.杜甫求仕反映了处于相似困境的弱势士人群体的精神共相,具有某种时代的普遍意义.

Du Fu's Contradictory Values in His Official Career

Du Fu's seeking government office is featured with suffering and depression. It shows his double personalities of ideal independence and practical dependence, which causes his inner panic of both "shame" and "pursuit". His depression and frustration can be summed up in the following three aspects: the fragile and unequal relationship between monarch and the subjects, the passive social role of the poet, and the negation of the realistic politics and the doubt of the practical life. Du Fu's seeking government office reflects the spiritual denominator of those groups of bachelors in the similar plights and thus is of general significance of the times.