浅论“问题与主义”之争的性质

五四运动后,我国思想界各派学说竟起,以胡适为代表的实用主义和以李大钊为代表的马克思主义进行了一场＂问题与主义＂的争论。长期以来,国内学界对＂问题与主义＂之争的叙述和评价一直受到某种既定认识的误导,以至混淆了这场论争的性质。通过考察当时的历史背景、胡适固有的民主和自由思想以及胡适与李大钊的关系可知,这场争论实质上是新文化运动中发生在学术界的一场充满自由平等氛围的争论,胡适＂问题与主义＂的矛头不是指向马克思主义,而是指向当时中国学界不够科学的各种思想方法。

Briefly on the Nature of the Contention over" Problems and Doctrines"

The＂May 4th＂Movement in China witnessed the emergence of various schools and doctrines in the field of ideology,among which stood out the contention over＂problems and doctrines＂between Hu Shi,a representative of utilism,and Li Dazhao,a representative of Marxism.However,there has long been,in the academic circle,a misleading with regard to the account and evaluation about this contention so much so that the nature of it has been made rather obscure.But if taking into consideration historically the specifie situation at that time,Hu Shi＇s original ideas about democracy and freedom,and the personal relation of Hu Shi and Li Dazhao,we may learn that this contention is in effect a sort of dispute taking place in a free and equal atmosphere within the academic circle in the neo-culture movement,with Hu Shi targeting at some less scientific ideas and methods popular then in the circle instead of Marxism.