公民参与环境决策的理论基础探析

当前,公民参与环境决策面临着参与意识不强、参与渠道不足、制度化程度低等不少困境,说明人们对公民参与环境决策的意义和价值缺乏深刻的理解。其重要原因在于学术界对这一问题的研究不够深入、系统,没有充分挖掘公民参与环境决策的理论基础,缺乏从理论上论证其合理性和正当性。该文从哲学、法理学、政治学、管理学、经济学等角度对公民参与环境决策的理论基础作了初步探讨,认为＂以人为本＂的科学发展理论、环境权理论、参与式民主理论、公民治理理论和公共选择理论,为公民参与环境决策提供了重要的理论支撑。

Briefly on the Theoretical Basis of Public Participation in Environment-related Decision

At present,publc participation in environmental decision is faced with many difficulties,including people’ s weak sense of participation,lack of participating channels and lower level of systemization. This demonstrates clearly that people cannot fairly well understand the significance and value of it. The main reasons for the situation consist in the facts that scholars fail to do deep and systematic study into the issue,the theoretical basis for it has not been explored deeply enough,and there is not any theoretical proof to confirm its rationality and legitimacy. In this situation,this article makes a preliminary research into its theoretical foundation from angles including philosophy,jurisprudence,political science,management science,economics,etc.,pointing out that such theories as ＂ people-orientedness＂ of the scientific outlook on development,theory of environmental rights,theory of participatory democracy,theory of civic governance and theory of public choice can all provide important theoretical support for public participation in environment-related decision.