Women's employment trajectories during early adulthood in urban China: A cohort comparison |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Sociology, Population Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, United States;2. Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Cornell University, United States;1. University of Leuven, Centre for Citizenship and Democracy, Parkstraat 45, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;2. Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Politics and Government, Building 72, Room 669, Beer Sheva, 8410501, Israel;1. School of Economics and Finance, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China;2. Institute for Health Care & Public Management, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;3. Centre for Demographic Studies (CEDEM), University of Havana, Cuba;4. Instituto Nacional de Higiene de los Alimentos, Cuba;1. Department of Sociology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;2. Department of Sociology, The University of Maryland at College Park, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, China |
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| Abstract: | This study uses retrospective work history data from CGSS 2008 and employs group-based trajectory analysis to model the diverse employment trajectories of cohorts of urban Chinese women (born in the 1940s–1970s) during young adulthood (age 20–35). We identify ideal-types of urban women's employment trajectories and explore traits associated with each group type. In particular, we examine whether and how the timing of marriage and fertility as well as socioeconomic background help to distinguish patterns of women's labor force attachment in young adulthood. We also examine how these patterns change across cohorts given China's rapid social transformations in the past few decades. We find that delaying family formation is generally associated with more consistent work attachment, but this relationship is also largely associated with one's socioeconomic background. Our results reveal significant cohort variations in the shape of women's employment trajectories and we discuss how institutional and cultural contexts of different historical periods could have shaped family formation and employment processes differently. Our findings highlight the heterogeneity of urban women's work and family formation patterns in the context of rising gender inequalities and rapid socioeconomic transformation over time. |
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| Keywords: | Women's employment Family formation Socioeconomic background Cohort comparison Urban China |
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