蒙古族火崇拜习俗中的象征与禁忌

崇拜和禁忌是同一事物的一体两面,均由事物本身的象征意义所决定。在萨满教的多神信仰体系中,火承载着诸多的象征意象:火是光明、圣洁之神,是家庭的保护神,可为人们带来福祉;同时,火又具有难以驯服和不可控制的魔力,冒犯火神则会招致惩罚。在蒙古人的生活习俗中围绕火盆、炉灶等有着一系列祭礼和禁忌,从中可以看到萨满教对蒙古族传统文化持久而深远的影响。

Symbol of Worshiping Fire and Its Taboo of Mongolian

Worship and taboo are the two sides of one thing and are decided by the symbol of the thing. In the polytheism of Shamanism, the fire represent many believes, such as: fire is bright, fire is the god of sanctity, fire is the god to safeguard the family and can bring good luck to the people and so on. Meanwhile people of Shamanism thought it difficult to tame and control the fire. If one offended the god of fire, he would beget punishment. In Mongolian custom, there are a number of sacrifice and taboo about fire-pan or stove and the like. From these we can see the constant and profound influence that Shamanism had upon traditional Mongolian culture.