德国鲁尔区老工业基地改造过程中政府作用分析

从政府行为的视角对德国鲁尔区的产业结构调整进行历史考察,指出鲁尔区衰退的实质是其结构性危机。德国政府在其改造的三个时期中始终以产业结构调整为主线,从20世纪五六十年代的煤钢为主的传统产业结构调整到70年代的着重发展新兴产业,再到八九十年代侧重于针对不同地区的区域优势来发展优势产业,实现产业结构的多样化。德国政府从组织安排、基础设施、法律和财政支持等方面给予其保证。这为中国东北老工业基地改造提供了启示。

Analysis on Government Behavior on Old Industrial Base Transform in Germany Ruhr

The authors research the history of the Germany Ruhr on industrial structure adjustment from the government behavior.They point out that Ruhr industrial area's decline is a constitutive crisis.Therefore,the Germany government was carrying out the industrial structure adjustment to reform the Ruhr industrial area which they divide it as three phases.The first phase was focus on coal and steel industries adjusts as a traditional industry structure during 1950s and 1960s,the second phase is on to development of new industries during 1970s,and the third phase is to develop superiority industry according eight the different local advantage during 1980s and 1990s.All of these realize the industrial structure diversification in Ruhr area.The Germany government serve these reform from organization arrangement,infrastructure,law and financial support as a guarantee.The Germany experience will take a benefit to transform of old industrial basement in Northeast China.